One of the most direct methods of exposing corruption in corporate or public institutions is whistleblowing. Quite a number of countries, including Nigeria, have introduced a whistleblowing policy. Among its provisions is to deter corrupt behaviours and guide formal investigations into them. However, Nigeria still lags far behind in this respect, perhaps out of structural inertia in dealing with corruption cases. In this article, the author argues that Nigeria can benefit from the institutional, educational and spiritual framework embedded in whistleblowing in Islam through ‘amr bi-l-ma'rūf wa-naḥy ‘an al-munkar i.e., enjoining good and forbidding wrong. The article, through historical and descriptive approaches, explains the policy of whistleblowing from the Islamic perspective, hence, clarifying some Muslims misconceptions. This study, therefore, presents Islamic principles on the whistleblowing policy and explains some pivotal approaches to addressing whistleblowing policy in.
See Full PDF See Full PDFJournal of Emerging Economies and Islamic Research
Islam promotes ''amr bi-l-ma'ruf wa-nahy 'an al-munkar" or 'enjoining good and forbidding wrong' as the underlying basis of human social, political and economic interactions and core precursor in maximizing human welfare. However, in the business realm today, individuals tend to operate under the rational (i.e. maximizing welfare) mode, only that the welfare maximized is his alone. To curb this tendency, whistle-blowing provisions have been introduced by more and more institutions as one possible mechanism to deter wrongdoings or corrupt behaviour and guide formal investigations of wrongdoings in corporate or public institutions. Whistle-blowing has an undeniable value within the framework of ''amr bi-l-ma'ruf wa-nahy 'an al-munkar" in institutional governance, alongside other educational and spiritual enhancement efforts. Many of the problems in private and public institutions in Muslim countries can be prevented if people had acted on their suspicions and prompted the authorities to intervene. While many studies have established the importance of cultural and ethical background in determining whistle-blowing motivations and system, very few specifically whistle-blowing within the Islamic doctrine of ''amr bi-l-ma'ruf wa-nahy 'an al-munkar" and its implications on whistleblowing systems. This paper attempts to fill this void by drawing from elements of the Islamic hisbah system as outlined by Imam al-Ghazali (d. 505H) specifically that can be used to guide drafting of whistle-blowing systems generally. An implication for modern-day managers is that additional investment should ideally be made to leverage on religious feelings and God-consciousness with respect to individual role in enjoining good and forbidding wrong.
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The notion of commanding right and forbidding wrong is one of the notable values in Islam. This has been emphasized in verse 104 of surah Ali 'Imran [3]: " Let there arise out of you a group of people inviting to all that is good, enjoining right and forbidding wrong ". This article is about the imâm as an agent of forbidding wrong and as an agent of wrongdoing. It aims to make an important contribution to the study of administrative ethics in Islamic imamship. It explains how the imâm plays its role in the society as of commanding good and forbidding wrong. It also examines the wrongdoing of imams and the ethics of commanding and forbidding the imâm.
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Al-Iktisab: Journal of Islamic Economic Law
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International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change
The excessive immorality being played out by businessmen all over the world has become alarming in most communities especially in relation to the masses. This may not be unconnected with a weak practice of Islamic culture in business dealings by some of the traders. This necessitates the need for rules and guidelines for the conduct of businesses to avoid exploitation and people taking advantage of one another. Using Islamic theory, the study aimed at assessing how the Hisbah principles moderate the relationship between Islamic culture of Muslim traders and Islamic Business Ethics (IBE). The study is quantitative in nature and therefore a questionnaire was used for data collection. The data was analysed using PLS-SEM 2.0. Respondents consisted of 155 Muslim traders and 243 customers in Sokoto, Nigeria. Empirically, this paper provides insights on how Hisbah principle moderates the relationship between Islamic culture and Islamic business ethics. The study found that application of Hisbah principles in businesses significantly moderates the relationship between Islamic culture and Islamic business ethics. The study also found that abominable and immoral acts in the businesses occur because of non- application of Hisbah principles in business transactions. The findings suggest that greediness and selfishness is an important factor influencing business ethical judgments. Thus, there is need for effective control based on authentic principles to build a strong economy in the society. The paper contributes to the literature on Islamic business ethics as there was an identified lack of empirical studies that use Hisbah principle as moderator between Islamic culture and Islamic business ethics.
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Basically, all of the world's top multinationals engage in corporate social responsibility (CSR) in some form and there is almost no country in which business has not taken up the challenge of CSR in some way. As a result, Islamic banks which are also part of business community face even more expectations in performing CSR as Islamic institutions. However, the status of CSR concept and the accountability of Islamic bank in performing CSR activities have not been ascertained from Shari'ah perspective. Therefore, this study aims at determining the status of CSR notion and investigating the legal status of Islamic bank in performing CSR activities from an Islamic perspective. This study is based on Islamic religious values and beliefs according to Shari'ah, which is the sacred law of Islam derived from the holy Qur'an and the Prophet's hadith. Evidently, it was found that social responsibility is a wonderful concept and a noble practice which is required in Islam, even has been embedded in Islamic teaching fundamentally based on the khalifah concept. It was also found that Islamic bank is an acknowledged legal entity in Islam which consequently, is accountable for CSR.
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International Journal of Islamic Economics
This paper investigates the degree of compliance of individual behavior to the Islamic commandment of 'commanding right and forbidding wrong', through a behavioral approach, to understand the pervasiveness of Islamic morality in our modern societies, and how Muslims actually behave as opposed to what the Qur'an prescribes for them. The methodology of this research evaluates the actions of experiment participants (divided into religious affiliations) through a Rowing Game that was intended to test for the rule of 'commanding right and forbidding wrong'. “The game is a prototype of a social contract where it illustrates how 'mutual undertakings' create a psychological tension between individual rationality, group benefit and straightforward compliance to Allah's commandment” (Mohamed et al, 2018). The complex nature of this command and prohibition results from the varied understanding of who is responsible (and adept enough) to enforce it, during which time is appropriate to do so and by what means. In this particular experiment, Muslims and non-Muslims appear to perform the same, with negative priming effects for Muslims and positive priming effects for non-Muslims.
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Research Institute for Islamic Product and Malay Civilization (INSPIRE) University Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA)
From its establishment in 1941 in the Indian Subcontinent, the Jamaat-e-Islami (JI), a contemporary leading Islamic movement in Bangladesh, represents a comprehensive example of a Muslim group in trying to address the prevailing socio-cultural and politico-economic problems which Muslim nations face. The purpose of this study to examine Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami (BJI) and it's policy, ideology, social activities and most importantly intellectual activities and involvements in the policies of Islamization of family and society. In this regard, Jamaat's constitution, literatures and various lectures of the top leaders available were critically analyzed. This study found that the concept of "Islamization of family and society" is used as an important means for an Islamist movement to revert the ultra-secular polity as well as liberal and extreme views not in favor of Islam. This study concludes that based on the true Islamic teachings, the BJI has the potential in promoting a project of Islamization Movement in order to develop and institutionalize a value-oriented family and society based on the worldview of Islam.
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IIUM Journal of Religion and Civilisational Studies (IJECS)
Abstract:Islam, as a universal religion and a complete way of life, acknowledges the existence of other religions just as it does to the diversity of human nature. This paper focuses on the Jews and the Christians, referred to as Ahl al-Kitab, who are given special recognition in the Qur’an, which is God’s final revelation to humanity. Islam, therefore, allows for Muslims to interact with the followers of other religions, especially the peace-loving and non-hostile non-Muslims. Despite this permission, there are often hostile relationships between Muslims, Christians, and adherents of other religious traditions in some parts of the world, including Nigeria; this hostility often leads to violence that may be fuelled by political, tribal, or regional undertones. Over time, this trend has led to the loss of lives and the destruction of invaluable properties and places of worship across multicultural and multi-religious communities. Observably, ignorance and misconceptions by the adherents of the two major religions play a considerable role in virtually all the politico-religious crises and communal-tribal clashes that have occurred in Nigeria since the late 1970s, thereby challenging the peaceful coexistence and national development of the nation. This paper unveils the Islamic viewpoint on religious pluralism and the unmatchable position afforded to the Ahl al-Kitab by Islam with the aim of fostering an understanding among the people for better interfaith relations and national development. The researchers recommend that the government use all possible means to check the excesses of individuals and groups against the manipulation of religion to cause unrest, and that religious bodies use dialogue as a viable tool to foster understanding. This paper uses exegetical and descriptive methods of research.Keywords: Religious Pluralism in Nigeria, Ahl al-Kitab, Islam, Interreligious Relations in Nigeria, Peaceful Coexistence, National Development in Nigeria.
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Objective – In relation to this, this paper is aimed at portraying the elements of hisbah with regard to the contemporaneous atmosphere; namely ombudsman within the ambit of the modern world. Methodology/Technique – In the process of playing its important role of enjoining good and forbidding evil, this system has been evolved in accordance with the surrounding atmosphere wonderfully. It should be emphasized that the fundamental doctrines and principles has been rooted since the period of the Prophet’s lifetime. Consequently, this administration system of justice later has been developed luxuriously to be institutionalized, together with own identity and entity during the period of Al-Mawardi (died 450 H). Simultaneously, the fuqaha has played such significant roles by virtue of this remarkably scenario, that is, for the purpose of governing the principles of justice in the society properly. Findings – The institution of hisbah has been acknowledged as one of the main components of Islamic judicial institutions which has a link with various institutions, inter alia, qada’, mazalim and also shurtah. Novelty – In addition, it is hoped that; throughout this paper, a better understanding could be gained pertaining to the future prospects of hisbah holistically.
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